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is a Japanese artist and writer. Throughout her career she has worked in a wide variety of media, including painting, collage, scat sculpture, performance art, and environmental installations, most of which exhibit her thematic interest in psychedelic colors, repetition and pattern. A precursor of the pop art, minimalist and feminist art movements, Kusama influenced contemporaries such as Andy Warhol and Claes Oldenburg.〔Kate Deimling (May 16, 2012), (Kusama Writes of Hunger, Grudges, and Necking With Joseph Cornell in Her Odd Autobiography ), BLOUINARTINFO France.〕 Although largely forgotten after departing the New York art scene in the early 1970s, Kusama is now acknowledged as one of the most important living artists to come out of Japan, and an important voice of the avant-garde. Born in Matsumoto, Nagano, into an upper-middle-class family of seedling merchants,〔Farah Nayeri (February 14, 2012), (Man-Hating Artist Kusama Covers Tate Modern in Dots: Interview ) ''Bloomberg''.〕 Kusama started creating art at an early age, going on to study ''Nihonga'' painting in Kyoto in 1948. Frustrated with this distinctly Japanese style, she became interested in the European and American avant-garde, staging several solo exhibitions of her paintings in Matsumoto and Tokyo during the 1950s. In 1957 she moved to the United States, settling down in New York City where she produced a series of paintings influenced by the abstract expressionist movement. Switching to sculpture and installation as her primary mediums, Kusama became a fixture of the New York avant-garde, having her works exhibited alongside the likes of Andy Warhol, Claes Oldenburg and George Segal during the early 1960s, where she became associated with the pop art movement. Embracing the rise of the hippie counterculture of the late 1960s, Kusama came to public attention when she organized a series of happenings in which naked participants were painted with brightly colored polka dots. In 1973, Kusama moved back to her native Japan, where she found the art scene far more conservative than that in New York. Becoming an art dealer, her business folded after several years, and after experiencing psychiatric problems, in 1977 she voluntarily admitted herself to a hospital, where she has spent the rest of her life. From here, she has continued to produce artworks in a variety of mediums, as well as launching a literary career by publishing several novels, a poetry collection and an autobiography. Kusama's work is based in conceptual art and shows some attributes of feminism, minimalism, surrealism, Art Brut, pop art, and abstract expressionism, and is infused with autobiographical, psychological, and sexual content. Kusama is also a published novelist and poet, and has created notable work in film and fashion design. Major retrospectives of her work have been held at the Museum of Modern Art in 1998, the Whitney Museum in 2012, and Tate Modern in 2012.〔(Love Forever : Yayoi Kusama, 1958–1968, July 9 - September 22, 1998, The Museum of Modern Art, New York. )〕〔(YAYOI KUSAMA, July 12 – Sept 30, 2012, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York. )〕〔(Yayoi Kusama, 9 February – 5 June 2012, Tate Modern, London. )〕 In 2008, Christies New York sold a work by her for $5.1 million, then a record for a living female artist.〔(New York art sales ) The Guardian, retrieved November 2008〕 == Early life: 1929–1949 == Born in Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, as the fourth child in a prosperous and conservative family,〔(Yayoi Kusama Timeline ) Queensland Art Gallery, Brisbane.〕 whose wealth was derived from the management of wholesale seed nurseries,〔Catalogue, Tate Modern exhibition, London, 2012〕 Kusama has experienced hallucinations and severe obsessive thoughts since childhood, often of a suicidal nature. She claims that as a small child she suffered severe physical abuse by her mother.〔(2007 interview at ArtReview.com )〕 In 1948, she left home to enter senior class at Kyoto Municipal School of Arts and Crafts, where she studied Nihonga painting, a rigorous formal style developed during the Meiji period; she graduated the following year.〔 She hated the rigidities of the master-disciple system where students were supposed to imbibe tradition through the sensei. "When I think of my life in Kyoto," she is quoted as saying, "I feel like vomiting."〔David Pilling (January 20, 2012), (The world according to Yayoi Kusama ) ''Financial Times Weekend Magazine''.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yayoi Kusama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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